Synthetic/natural fiber properties of fire-designated zone of an aircraft engine: A structural health monitoring approach

Abstract

Abstract This chapter introduces the mechanical, thermal, ballistic impact, and fire properties of the hybrid combination of synthetic/natural fibers. It presents the experimental investigation of the properties of the hybrid laminate composites comprised of aluminium alloy 2024-T3, carbon fiber, kenaf, and flax, using an epoxy resin/hardner as the polymer. The composites are lightweight, less hazardous, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective. It describes the method and steps used in preparing the composites and the experimental fire testing of aircraft components in a fire-designated zone of aircraft engine using a propane-air burner as stated by International Organization of Standardization (ISO2685) at higher temperature of 1100°C ± 80°C and a heat flux of 116 ± 10k W/m2, at a distance of 3 inches between the composites plates and a burner face, and explains the differences between the fireproof and fire- resistant materials. At the end of the chapter, the main mechanical properties of the composites that include tensile, compression, and flexural are fully explained based on their specific strength, stiffness, and modulus among others, likewise the thermal stability and viscoelastic properties of the components by thermogravimetric and dynamic mechanical analysis; also the resistance to external and internal forces on the components were explained by considering the impact strength and specific perforation energy of the composites by impact velocity test. A full description of the features of natural fibers, synthetic fibers and their hybridization with the types of polymers used in bonding the materials together is also incorporated to indicate the interrelation between the material and the matrix; the safety advantages that the combination of the materials yields for cabin crew and the passengers is also explained. The fire-resistant properties of different combinations of carbon fiber with kenaf and flax are also discussed.