Archive | 2019
Phosphatidylethanol Homologs in Blood as Biomarkers for the Time Frame and Amount of Recent Alcohol Consumption
Abstract
Abstract Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a minor metabolite of ethanol, a phospholipid that is synthesized, stored in membranes of red blood cells (RBCs), and measured in whole blood samples. A unique feature of its pharmacokinetics in RBCs is the lack of a critical catabolic enzyme, which is unlike all other cell types studied. The elimination half-life of PEth is 4–7 days, which provides a window of detection up to 28 days during abstinence. Using high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectroscopic detection, PEth levels can be detected in whole blood samples even after a single standard alcohol drink (14\xa0g ethanol). There are 48 known homologs of PEth in RBCs. PEth 16:0/18:1 is predominant, representing about 37% of total PEth. PEth 16:0/18:2 and 16:0/20:4 are additional homologs with different pharmacokinetic characteristics to more accurately estimate amount and time frame of alcohol consumption.