Effect of bacterial attachment on permeable membranes aided by extracellular polymeric substances

Abstract

Abstract Aggregation of the vast majority of microorganisms such as biofouling is essential for the operation of the membrane-based process. A growing uncertainty to the biofilms is compelled by the existence of flocs (planktonic), which are lodged in a pattern of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs). The EPSs are composed of polysaccharides holding high molecular weight found in soil and the aquatic environment. The secretion of EPSs by prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms is established with the functional and structural integrity that likeably an adherent to solid-water interfaces, water-oil/air, and solid-air interfaces. The bacterial surface layers, i.e., EPSs take part in the surface chemistry and reactivity of the polymeric membrane. The wide-ranging studies discovered bacterial cell with intact of EPSs by validating the functional groups for the metal sorption efficiency. The chapter highlights the nature of EPSs that underlying facts of membrane biofouling, increased metal sorption, expanded parameters for the bacterial attachment, and their linear modeling. Nevertheless, present challenges and applications in potential monitoring of the bacterial attachment at either linear or rotatable bonds have been reviewed.