Intra-hospital prognosis of acute heart failure: Preliminary results in an Algerian population

Abstract

Background acute heart failure (AHF) has become a health burden worldwide. With its complex pathophysiology and presentation, it is the crossroad of several pathologies. A better knowledge of patients profile and pronostic factors of this syndrome would optimize management and improve the survival. Purpose We intend to study inhospital morbimortality in patients presenting AHF. Our primary judgment criterion is a combination of MACE, worsening hart failure and death. Method We have performed a prospective study on patients of more than 18 years old after informed consent admitted for AHF in our service since December 2017 until April 2018. Results Among 75 patients, admitted during this period, the average age was 65, sex-ratio of 3 men/1 woman; 58% were hypertensive, 30% diabetic, 29% obese, 21% tobacco consumers and 28% with dyslipidemias. 65% of AHF were de novo and 35% have chronical evolution. 42% were of ischemic cause followed by 19% of hypertensive forms and 10% valvular heart disease mostly from rheumatic cause. FE is reduced in 42% of cases, midrange in 34% and preserved in 24%. Infections are the main precipitating factor (25%). Morbimortality is about 30% involving mostly patients with coronary disease (54%). Hospital mortality is 14.6%. Discussion Our population is younger compared with developed coutries (75 years in OFICA, 72–73% in ADHERE and OPTIMIZED HF) but is the same as in the registries of 1990s. Males are predominant (55% female in OFICA). HFPEF are fewer (35–50% in OFICA). Hospital mortality is higher (8 to 12% in litterature). Postrheumatic valvular heart disease in not a rare condition. Hypertension is the main risk factor, ischemic etiology is the most common, this result is the same as in most registries. Conclusion A better understanding of AHF through specific population registries could help improving care pathways to reduce morbidimortality and developing a preventive strategy.