Prescription opioid misuse, sources of opioids and reasons for opioid misuse among reproductive aged parenting women with major depressive episode.

Abstract

The impact of the opioid epidemic has been particularly hard on reproductive-aged parenting women. Yet, very little is known about opioid use, opioid misuse and opioid use disorder among parenting women with major depressive episode (MDE). Information on sources of opioids intended for misuse and reasons for opioid misuse among this population is also lacking. Using the 2015-2016 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, the study estimates a multinomial logistic regression model to investigate the association between MDE and opioid misuse as well as use disorder among reproductive-aged parenting women (n\u202f=\u202f7750). Among reproductive-aged parenting women with prescription opioid use in the past 12\u202fmonths, having had a MDE was associated with a higher relative risk of misusing prescription pain relievers without use disorder (RRR\u202f=\u202f1.38, p\u202f<\u202f.001) and having a use disorder (RRR\u202f=\u202f1.99, p\u202f<\u202f.001), relative to using prescription opioid without misuse or use disorder. However, utilization of mental health treatment mitigated the risk for opioid misuse and use disorder. A significant proportion of parenting women regardless of their MDE status identified family or friends and physicians as their main source of opioids. Relief from physical pain and help with feelings or emotions were the two primary motivations for opioid misuse among this population. These findings underscore the importance of maternal depression and mental health treatment in undertaking policy initiatives directed at the opioid crisis and highlights the role of medical providers, family and friends in targeted interventions aimed at this population.