Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology | 2019
Augmenting a competent in vitro organogenesis etiquette from leaf base of country mallow, Abutilon indicum L. sweet: An ethno-botanically valuable medicinal plant
Abstract
Abstract An easy, efficient and highly reproducible regeneration system was established through organogenesis from leaf base mediated callus of an ethnobotanical hairy shrub Abutilon indicum L. sweet, which is documented to possess pharmaceutically important phytochemicals. Among various explants, leaf bases produced significant callus induction (89%) with 140\u202fmg fresh weight on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 11.31\u202fμM 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D). Combinations of 2, 4-D and kinetin (KIN) increased the biomass (191\u202fmg) of embryogenic calli. Regeneration medium with a combination of 8.88\u202fμM of 6-amino benzyl purine (BAP) and 8.06\u202fμM of naphthalene acetic acid in MS basal media significantly influenced the initiation of shoot primordium with 91% of regeneration. Proficiently regenerated shoot apical meristems (SAMs) produced higher frequency of multiple shoot induction on 4.10\u202fμM of zeatin. The fully regenerated mature shootlets produced high root biomass (791.67\u202f±\u202f48.05\u202fmg) on half - strength MS with 4.54\u202fμM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) with an excellent mat root system for efficient acclimatization. In vitro established plantlets were successfully acclimatized under ex vitro conditions with high frequency. Presence of homologous DNA banding pattern with Single Primer Amplification Reaction markers confirmed the genetic similarity. FTIR and GC-MS spectrum showed similar metabolic profiles between wild and in vitro regenerated plantlets. Thus the protocol is reliable for in vitro regeneration through leaf base derived callus which could pave a way to the large scale production of secondary metabolite through biotechnological approaches.