Potential of waste reduction of agro-biomasses through Reishi medicinal mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) production using different substrates and techniques

Abstract

Abstract One of the most important priorities in the medicinal mushrooms cultivation is the selection and preparation of the substrate, which depends on factors such as price and easy access to different lignocellulosic compounds. In order to investigate the effect of mixed and non-mixed agro-waste substrates on some vegetative, reproductive, nutritional and medicinal properties of two Iranian and Chinese strains of Ganoderma lucidum, the factorial experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with three replications. The experimental substrates of different poplar wood chip (PWC), wheat bran (WB), soybean meal (SM), date palm leaf (DPL) and olive oil extraction waste (OOEW) were used. They were enriched with chemical supplements (ammonium nitrate, manganese sulfate and Nano manganese oxide) using two cultivation techniques (open bag door and Polika-Cotton) for fruiting body production. The results showed that various substrates significantly affect dry weight, moisture content quantity, vegetative and fruit yield, total ganoderic acids content, total polysaccharide value and mineral elements amount (nitrogen, potassium and calcium) in fruiting body. The highest amount of N content in the fruiting body of both Iranian and Chinese strains (5.88 and 6.25 mg/100 g dry matter) was dedicated to the combined PWC + SM (70:30) substrate enriched with Nano manganese oxide supplement and Polika-Cotton method. The highest total fresh of Iranian and Chinese strains weight (109.60 and 127.66 g, respectively) obtained in the combined PWC + WB (70:30) substrate enriched with manganese sulfate. The highest amount of total ganoderic acids in fruiting organs in both strains (0.52 and 0.42 μg/mg dry matter) is achieved using a combined PWC + SM (70:30) enriched with manganese sulfate.