A Study of Prevalence of Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection, Knowledge and Preventive Practices Against Hepatitis B Virus in Barbers Serving the Armed Forces

Abstract

Objective Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health problem in the world. Barbers deal with frequent abrasions/lacerations due to sharp equipment, making them a high-risk group. Determination of HBsAg positive status excludes most reservoirs of transmission in the population. However, Occult Hepatitis B continues to be a source of transmission. The aim of this study was to study the prevalence of occult HBV infection in barbers serving the armed forces clientele and evaluate their knowledge and preventive practices against HBV transmission. Methods Seventy-nine HBsAg negative barbers were included in this study and interviewed for the status of immunisation and preventive practices. Anti-HBc total and HBV DNA levels were measured along with a complete haemogram, LFT, PT INR, ultrasound abdomen and Fibroscan of the liver. Results The prevalence of Occult Hepatitis B status was 3.79%. Among barbers who were anti-HBc total positive, 100% were found to have replicative HBV DNA status. All barbers (100%) were unaware of the existence and modes of HBV transmission\xa0and were never screened for HBV; 98.73% of barbers followed improper disinfection practices and were never immunised. Conclusion The prevalence of occult HBV infection in barbers, absence of immunisation, unawareness and improper disinfection practices are significantly at risk for transmission to the unaware clients. It is important to educate barbers, establish a universal disinfection procedure and implement a system of compulsory Hepatitis B vaccination before the commencement of their trade work.