First mirror test in JET for ITER: Complete overview after three ILW campaigns

Abstract

Abstract The First Mirror Test for ITER has been carried out in JET with mirrors exposed during: (i) the third ILW campaign (ILW-3, 2015–2016, 23.33\u202fh plasma) and (ii) all three campaigns, i.e. ILW-1 to ILW-3: 2011–2016, 63,52\u202fh in total. All mirrors from main chamber wall show no significant changes of the total reflectivity from the initial value and the diffuse reflectivity does not exceed 3% in the spectral range above 500\u202fnm. The modified layer on surface has very small amount of impurities such as D, Be, C, N, O and Ni. All mirrors from the divertor (inner, outer, base under the bulk W tile) lost reflectivity by 20–80% due to the beryllium-rich deposition also containing D, C, N, O, Ni and W. In the inner divertor N reaches 5\u202f×\u202f1017 cm−2, W is up to 4.3\u202f×\u202f1017 cm−2, while the content of Ni is the greatest in the outer divertor: 3.8\u202f×\u202f1017 cm−2. Oxygen-18 used as the tracer in experiments at the end of ILW-3 has been detected at the level of 1.1\u202f×\u202f1016 cm−2. The thickness of deposited layer is in the range of 90\u202fnm to 900\u202fnm. The layer growth rate in the base (2.7 pm s\u202f−\u202f1) and inner divertor is proportional to the exposure time when a single campaign and all three are compared. In a few cases, on mirrors located at the cassette mouth, flaking of deposits and erosion occurred.