A narrow intercondylar gap favours anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture in patients with an immature skeleton

Abstract

Abstract Objective Anatomical risk factors predisposing to ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) and/or avulsion fractures of tibial spines (AFET) have been reported in paediatric patients with controversial results. Our aim is to compare morphometric parameters in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients with immature skeleton presenting AFET or ACL rupture versus healthy controls. Methods Observational study of a transverse cohort where all those patients with immature skeleton presenting ACL rupture or AFET were collected consecutively. A control group of patients with open physis and MRI reported without lesions was added. A trained observer measured in each MRI with previously standardized technique: (A) the width of the intercondylar femoral notch, (B) the opening angle of the intercondylar femoral notch. Results The sample was composed of 11 patients with ACL rupture, 11 patients with TEA and 11 normal controls. The opening angle of the intercondylar femoral notch, measured in axial and coronal sections, was significantly lower in those patients with ACL rupture versus healthy controls (p\xa0=\xa0.0256 and p\xa0=\xa0.0097). The rest of the variables studied did not present significant differences between groups. Conclusion In patients with an immature skeleton, a narrower femoral intercondylar notch is associated with ACL rupture, while those with an ETF do not present a distinctive bone anatomy versus healthy controls. These findings suggest that bone morphometric parameters are associated with a lesional or other pattern in open-knee.