Phytochemical profile and antiproliferative activities of acetone extracts of Asplenium polypodioides Blume. and A. dalhousiae Hook. in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells

Abstract

Abstract The plants extracts are widely used in traditional medicines and hence considered a potential source for drug discovery. In this study, we assessed the phytochemical composition of Asplenium dalhousiae and Asplenium polypodioides in acetone extracts and checked its antiproliferative potential in MDA-MB-231 cells. We found that both plants are rich in phenolic and flavonoid compounds and are efficient in antioxidant activities. The total phenolic compounds in A. dalhousiae were 44.15\xa0±\xa01.38\xa0µg/mg whereas in A. polypodioides were 27.73\xa0±\xa01.35\xa0µg/mg. Total flavonoids in A. dalhousiae were 105.39\xa0±\xa02.92\xa0µg/mg whereas in A. polypodioides were 101.56\xa0±\xa01.75\xa0µg/mg. The ferric reducing power assay indicates 66.38\xa0±\xa02.6% reduction by A. dalhousiae whereas 78.43\xa0±\xa00.47% reduction by A. polypodioides. Similarly, the total antioxidant capacity of A. dalhousiae was found to be 59.95\xa0±\xa01.13 whereas for A. polypodioides the recorded value was 33.03\xa0±\xa01.67%. Using GCMS analysis, we identified 25 compounds in A. dalhousiae whereas 26 in A. polypodioides. Four of these compounds are common in both plants. The morphological study and MTT assay revealed that both plants have antiproliferative potential as both plants exerted significant effects on the shape of the MDA-MB-231 cells and inhibited cellular proliferation in time and dose dependent manner. We conclude that both Asplenium plants have potential anticancer compounds.