Performance assessment of bridge-soil-foundation system with irregular configuration considering ground motion directionality effects

Abstract

Abstract Highway bridges with piers of unequal height crossing irregular topographical surfaces have potential complexities in terms of component vulnerability evaluations. This paper investigates the seismic behavior of a five-span concrete girder bridge with three coefficients of pier height and two different types of irregular configurations. Moreover, soil-structure interaction is taken into account by modeling a typical deep foundation, including piles and the surrounding soil, in order to examine the effect of pier base flexibility compared to the equivalent fixed-base model. For this purpose, incremental dynamic analyses are performed on the three-dimensional analytical finite element models using a set of ground motion pairs each rotated about the vertical axis of bridge producing seven angles of seismic incidence. The results obtained from the dynamic analyses and fragility assessment of the selected bridge models illustrate that substructure irregularity, support condition of piers, and directionality of seismic excitations are three interdependent factors in vulnerability assessment of highway bridges. Variation in each of the above-mentioned factors leads to change in the fragility characteristics of a bridge at global system failure mode or individual component limit states.