Novel nutraceuticals to tackle brain and muscle bioenergetics

Abstract

Abstract This chapter describes innovative nutraceuticals that are suggested to favorably affect brain and muscle energy metabolism in the clinical medicine, including various amino acids and amino acids derivatives, intermediate metabolites, herbal extracts, and complex vitamin–mineral mixtures. The evidence of effectiveness and safety was explored for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, acetyl- l -carnitine, α-ketoglutarate, succinate, creatine and creatine analogs (including creatine phosphate, cyclocreatine, and guanidinoacetic acid), citicoline, medium chain triglycerides, quercetin, resveratrol, coenzyme Q10, and other nutraceuticals, while focusing this analysis to experimental trials in humans.