Treatment of suspected sepsis and septic shock in children with chronic disease seen in the pediatric emergency department.

Abstract

BACKGROUND\nResearch demonstrates that timely recognition and treatment of sepsis can significantly improve pediatric patient outcomes, especially regarding time to intravenous fluid (IVF) and antibiotic administration. Further research suggests that underlying chronic disease in a septic pediatric patient puts them at higher risk for poor outcomes.\n\n\nOBJECTIVE\nTo compare treatment time for suspected sepsis and septic shock in pediatric patients with chronic disease versus those without chronic disease seen in the Pediatric Emergency Department (PED).\n\n\nMETHODS\nWe reviewed patient data from a pediatric sepsis outcomes dataset collected at two tertiary care pediatric hospital sites from January 2017-December 2018. Patients were stratified into two groups: those with and without chronic disease, defined as any patient with at least one of eight chronic health conditions.\n\n\nINCLUSION CRITERIA\npatients seen in the PED ultimately diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock, patient age 0 to 20\xa0years and time zero for identification of sepsis in the PED.\n\n\nEXCLUSION CRITERIA\ntime zero unavailable, inability to determine time of first IVF or antibiotic administration or patient death within the PED. Primary analysis included comparison of time zero to first IVF and antibiotic administration between each group.\n\n\nRESULTS\n312 patients met inclusion criteria. 169 individuals had chronic disease and 143 did not. Median time to antibiotics in those with chronic disease was 41.9\xa0min versus 43.0\xa0min in patients without chronic disease (p\xa0=\xa00.181). Time to first IVF in those with chronic disease was 22.0\xa0min versus 12.0\xa0min in those without (p\xa0=\xa00.010). Those with an indwelling line/catheter (n\xa0=\xa040) received IVF slower than those without (n\xa0=\xa0272), with no significant difference in time to antibiotic administration by indwelling catheter status (p\xa0=\xa00.063). There were no significant differences in the mode of identification of suspected sepsis or septic shock between those with versus without chronic disease (p\xa0=\xa00.27).\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nStudy findings suggest pediatric patients with chronic disease with suspected sepsis or septic shock in the PED have a slower time to IVF administration but equivocal use of sepsis recognition tools compared to patients without chronic disease.