Contrasting Associations of Prudent and Western Dietary Patterns with Risk of Developing Venous Thromboembolism.

Abstract

BACKGROUND\nPublished studies are inconsistent about whether differences in diet are associated with risk venous thromboembolism. We studied the association between dietary patterns and incident venous thromboembolism in a large US cohort.\n\n\nMETHODS\nThe Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study followed 14,818 middle-aged men and women for incident venous thromboembolism over an average of 22 years between 1987 and 2015. Trained interviewers assessed dietary intake at visits 1 and 3 using a food frequency questionnaire. We derived two dietary pattern scores using principal components analysis and ascertained and verified hospitalized venous thromboembolism. In separate proportional hazards regression analyses, we examined associations of quintiles of the prudent and the Western dietary pattern scores with risk of developing non-cancer related and total venous thromboembolism, adjusting for demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, body mass index, and diabetes.\n\n\nRESULTS\nWith 860 total incident venous thromboembolism events, the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of incident non-cancer related venous thromboembolism (n=631) across quintiles of the prudent dietary pattern score were 1 (reference), 1.04 (0.81-1.32), 0.84 (0.65-1.08), 0.70 (0.53-0.91), and 0.88 (0.67-1.15), ptrend=0.04. Across quintiles of the Western dietary pattern score, hazard ratios of non-cancer related venous thromboembolism were 1 (reference), 1.13 (0.87-1.45), 1.20 (0.92-1.56), 1.03 (0.77-1.39), and 1.58 (1.13-2.21), ptrend=0.04. Associations were similar for total venous thromboembolism.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nIn this community-based cohort, a prudent dietary pattern was associated with a lower risk of future venous thromboembolism, while a Western dietary pattern was associated with a higher risk.