Bilateral thoracic trauma; presentation and management, a case series

Abstract

Introduction Unilateral chest trauma has been perfectly described in the literature while bilateral chest trauma has never been specifically probed, the aim of this study is to highlight the specificities, presentations, the difference in the therapeutic algorithm and outcome of patients with bilateral thoracic trauma. Patients and methods A single center, prospective study was carried out in four years. The data were taken directly from the patients, patient s relatives and the medical records. All patients presenting with bilateral chest trauma, admitted to the hospital overnight, were included in this study. The patients were managed according to the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) protocol which consists of primary and secondary surveys. For those patients who diagnosed to have either haemo or pneumothorax or both, thoracostomy tube was inserted. Descriptive and analytical analyses were calculated. Results The study included 107 patients. Bilateral blunt trauma was found in 72 (67.3%) cases while bilateral penetrating trauma was found in 35 (32.7%) patients. The most common mechanism of trauma was road traffic accidents (RTA) accounting for 68 (63.6%) victims. Overall 30-day mortality was 14.9%. In blunt trauma, 3 or more rib fracture, pulmonary contusion, intubation, and intensive care unit admission were among the predictors of increased risk of mortality. Conclusion Bilateral thoracic trauma has comparable patterns of presentation, choices of investigation, strategies of management, predictors of the outcome, morbidity and mortality with unilateral chest trauma.