Nimodipine after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: Fourteen-day course for patients that meet criteria for early hospital discharge

Abstract

BACKGROUND\nRandomized-controlled trials and meta-analyses showed nimodipine use after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) leads to reduction in incidence of cerebral infarction, persistent neurological deficits, and poor outcomes. Trials administered it for 21 days; however, we assessed whether a shorter duration might be reasonable for a subset of patients.\n\n\nMETHODS\nWe performed a retrospective single-center study to compare outcomes between patients who received ≤14 days, 15-20 days or ≥21 days of nimodipine. Primary outcome was defined as rate of good functional outcome at final follow-up, assessed using dichotomized modified Rankin Score (mRS). Secondary outcomes included median mRS at follow-up, discharge disposition, and readmission for stroke or vasospasm.\n\n\nRESULTS\n195 patients were included: 101 patients received nimodipine for ≤14 days, 72 patients for 15-20 days, and 22 patients for ≥21 days. There were differences in baseline characteristics of the groups. The shorter duration groups had higher admission GCS score (GCS 15 for ≤14 days, GCS 13 for 15-20 days, GCS 8 for ≥21 days, p\u202f=\u202f0.003) and lower Hunt-Hess grade (2 for ≤14 days, 3 for 15-20 days, 4 for ≥21 days, p\u202f=\u202f0.001). Of the group of patients that received ≤14 days of nimodipine, 3 patients (3%) were readmitted for concerns for possible stroke or vasospasm, but they did not experience worsening of their functional status related to this.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nOur data suggests a more limited 14-day course of nimodipine therapy after aSAH may be reasonable and efficacious in patients with higher GCS and lower Hunt-Hess grade on presentation.