Clinical nutrition | 2021
Inverse association between dietary vitamin A intake and new-onset hypertension.
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS\nThe prospective relation of dietary vitamin A intake with hypertension remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the relationship of dietary vitamin A intake with new-onset hypertension and examine possible effect modifiers in general population.\n\n\nMETHODS\nThis prospective cohort study included 12,245 participants who were free of hypertension at baseline from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Dietary intake was measured by 3 consecutive 24-h dietary recalls combined with a household food inventory. The study outcome was new-onset hypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140\xa0mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90\xa0mmHg or diagnosed by physician or under antihypertensive treatment during the follow-up.\n\n\nRESULTS\nDuring a median follow-up duration of 6.1 years, a total of 4,304 (35.1%) participants developed new-onset hypertension. Overall, there was an L-shaped relation of total dietary vitamin A intake with new-onset hypertension (P for nonlinearity <0.001). Accordingly, compared with participants with lower vitamin A intake (quartile 1, <227.3\xa0μg RE/day), those with higher vitamin A intake (quartile 2-4, ≥227.3\xa0μg RE/day) had a significantly lower risk of new-onset hypertension (adjusted HR, 0.73; 95%CI: 0.63, 0.78). Similar results were found for plant-derived vitamin A intake (adjusted HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.61, 0.70) or animal-derived vitamin A intake (adjusted HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.70, 0.82).\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nThere was a L-shaped relation of dietary vitamin A intake with new-onset hypertension in general Chinese adults. Our results emphasized the importance of maintaining relatively higher vitamin A intake levels for the prevention of hypertension.