Effects of Artichoke on Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Abstract

PURPOSE\nClinical trials considering the effects of artichoke supplementation on blood pressure have yielded different and contradictory outcomes. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to assess effects of artichoke administration on blood pressure.\n\n\nMETHODS\nRelated studies were detected by searching the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase and Scopus databases up to 15 March 2020. Weighted Mean Differences (WMD) were pooled using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias were evaluated using standard methods.\n\n\nRESULTS\nPooled analysis of eight randomized controlled trials revealed that artichoke supplementation did not have an effect on systolic blood pressure (SBP), (WMD: -0.77\u2009mmHg, 95% CI: -2.76 to 1.22) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (WMD: -0.11\u2009mmHg, 95% CI: -1.72 to 1.50) when compared to the placebo group. However, subgroup analyses based on health status suggested that artichoke administration among hypertensive patients may significantly reduce SBP (WMD: -3.19\u2009mmHg, 95% CI: -3.32 to -3.06) and DBP (WMD: -2.33\u2009mmHg, 95% CI: -2.23 to -2.43), but no such reduction was found in NAFLD patients. Furthermore, our results indicated that artichoke supplementation for 12 weeks led to a significantly decreased DBP (WMD: -2.33\u2009mmHg, 95% CI: -2.43 to -2.23), but 8 weeks of intervention did not (WMD: 0.80\u2009mmHg, 95% CI: -1.06 to 2.66).\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nArtichoke supplementation may potentially lead to SBP and DBP reduction in hypertensive patients. In addition, artichoke supplementation for 12 weeks may significantly improve DBP.