Carbon materials for traffic power battery

Abstract

Abstract The demand of ecological development and the shortage of oil reserve drive the electronic vehicles as a main direction of the automobile industry. Among all the components of electric vehicles, the power battery is a decisive one that restricts the drive range and the large-scale application of electric vehicles. However, currently, the energy/power density and cycling lifespan of power batteries still need to be increased to fulfill the actual demands of electric vehicles. Then, it is essential for the feasible structural design and adjustable preparation of electrode materials with special microstructure and remarkable electrochemical properties. Carbon-based electrode play a key role in the next-generation high energy density, highly safe and long cycling lifespan power batteries because of their structural diversity, outstanding conductivity, controllable pore size, large specific surface area, facile surface modification and electrochemical stability. Therefore, carbon and its derived materials reveal satisfactory electrochemical performance as electrode materials for energy storage and conversion devices. In this review, the effects of diversity, microstructure characteristics, porosity, heteroatom doping of carbon materials in lithium ion battery, lithium sulfur battery, lithium-O2 battery, lithium metal batteries, and fuel cell are comprehensively discussed. The future trends and challenges of carbon materials have also been proposed, which can present novel insights into further design of power battery in the next-generation automobiles.