Complementary & Alternative Medicine for Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review.

Abstract

BACKGROUND\nDespite high utilization of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for alopecia areata (AA), efficacy and safety remain unclear.\n\n\nOBJECTIVE\nTo identify all CAM therapies studied for treatment of AA. Outcomes of interest included disease course and psychological well-being.\n\n\nMETHODS\nPubMed and Embase were searched to identify English articles containing original data investigating CAM in human subjects with AA from 1950-2018. Quality was assessed with Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine criteria.\n\n\nRESULTS\nOf 1,015 initial citations, 16 articles met inclusion criteria: 5 randomized controlled trials, 5 prospective controlled cohorts, 4 prospective non-controlled cohorts, 1 retrospective cohort, and 1 case series. CAM therapies with best evidence and efficacy for hair growth in AA include essential oil aromatherapy, topical garlic, and oral glucosides of peony with compound glycyrrhizin. Hypnosis and mindfulness psychotherapy represent low quality evidence for improvement of psychological and quality of life outcomes. Adverse events were rare and mild for all therapies evaluated.\n\n\nLIMITATIONS\nInconsistent or poorly reported study methodology and non-standardized outcomes limit the conclusions that can be made from these studies.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nThis work serves to inform physician management of patients with AA seeking CAM, while encouraging further investigation into these therapies to address some of the therapeutic challenges of AA.