Journal of clinical lipidology | 2019
Supplementation with saury oil, a fish oil high in omega-11 monounsaturated fatty acids, improves plasma lipids in healthy subjects.
Abstract
BACKGROUND\nFish oil enriched in omega-11 long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids (LCMUFAs; C20:1 and C22:1 isomers combined) have shown lipid-lowering and atheroprotective effects in animal models.\n\n\nOBJECTIVE\nTo perform a first-in-human trial of LCMUFA-rich saury fish oil supplementation to test its safety and possible effect on plasma lipids.\n\n\nMETHODS\nA double-blind, randomized, crossover clinical trial was carried out in 30 healthy normolipidemic adults (BMI <25\xa0kg/m2; mean TG, 84\xa0mg/dL). Treatment periods of 8\xa0weeks were separated by an 8-week washout period. Subjects were randomized to receive either 12\xa0g of saury oil (3.5\xa0g of LCMUFA and 3.4\xa0g of omega-3 FAs) or identical capsules with control oil (a mixture of sardine and olive oil; 4.9\xa0g of shorter-chain MUFA oleate and 3\xa0g of omega-3 FAs).\n\n\nRESULTS\nSaury oil supplementation was safe and resulted in LDL particle counts 12% lower than control oil (P\xa0<\xa0.001). Saury oil also had a minor effect on increasing HDL particle size (9.8\xa0nm vs 9.7\xa0nm; P\xa0<\xa0.05) based on a linear mixed effect model. In contrast, control oil, but not saury oil, increased LDL-C by 7.5% compared with baseline (P\xa0<\xa0.05). Saury oil had similar effects compared with control oil on lowering plasma TG levels, VLDL, and TG-rich lipoprotein particle counts (by ∼16%, 25%, and 35%, respectively; P\xa0<\xa0.05), and increasing HDL-C and cholesterol efflux capacity (by ∼6% and 8%, respectively; P\xa0<\xa0.05) compared with baseline.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nSaury oil supplementation is well tolerated and has beneficial effects on several cardiovascular parameters, such as LDL particle counts, HDL particle size, and plasma TG levels.