Void space and long-term volumetric changes of maxillary sinus floor augmentation with comparison between hydroxyapatite soaked with bone morphogenetic protein 2 and anorganic bovine xenograft alone.

Abstract

PURPOSE\nWe hypothesized that the void volume after maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) would be larger than that without rhBMP-2, and filled with bone in the long term. The aim of this study was to analyze the occurrence of void space and long-term volumetric changes after MSFA with rhBMP-2 and hydroxyapatite (BMP-2/H).\n\n\nMATERIAL AND METHODS\nIn 25 subjects, MSFA was performed with BMP-2/H (group I) or an anorganic bovine xenograft (group II). Computed tomography scans were taken twice, at 3 months (T1) and at least 24 months (T2) after surgery. Total volume (TV), bone volume (BV), and void volume (VV) were measured and analysed statistically.\n\n\nRESULTS\nWhile similar amounts of graft material were used, the TV was significantly larger in group I than in group II (p\xa0=\xa00.014). The VV showed a tendency to be larger in group I than in group II. VV reduction up to T2 was significantly greater in group I than in group II. Consequently, the BV at T2 was significantly greater in group I than in group II by 36% (p\xa0=\xa00.014).\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nThis study showed that our hypothesis was valid. rhBMP-2 is effective for long-term bone regeneration after MSFA.