Functional results of swallowing and aspiration after oral cancer treatment and microvascular free flap reconstruction: A retrospective observational assessment.

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the functional swallowing outcomes in cohort of oral cancer patients treated with tumor resection and reconstruction by means of microvascular free flaps. Duration from onset to the last examination was classified into three periods: less than 12 months, from 13 to 24 months, and more than 24 months. Type of feeding, dysphagia, and laryngeal aspiration were the dependent variables, and the study was mainly focused on the data from the multivariate analysis. Fifty-one patients were included in the study. Twenty-one patients had dysphagia, 11 showed stasis in vallecula and pyriform sinuses, 9 experienced laryngeal penetration, and 8 aspirations. Surgery combined with radiochemotherapy was associated with a higher prevalence of dysphagia (p\xa0=\xa00.03). Frequency of dysphagia was higher in the first year after treatment and less frequent after 24 months (p\xa0=\xa00.003). Dysphagia was associated with laryngeal penetration (p\xa0=\xa00.001), and this with aspiration (p\xa0<\xa00.0005). In conclusion, as it seems that the method of reconstruction has a major influence on swallowing, when there are relevant alternatives in the way the reconstruction is done, always the approach should be chosen that reduces dysphagia to a minimum.