Neuroemergentism: Levels and constraints

Abstract

Abstract Everywhere in Nature, patterns emerge when the combination of parts on a lower level creates more complex structures which are then subject to constraints and competition on this new level. This means that emergentist accounts must focus on a description of levels, competition, and constraints. The four approaches to neuroemergentism analyzed by Hernandez all recognize the role of emergent levels and new constraints. Together, they can be used to further articulate a fuller theory of neuroemergence.