True first-pass effect in basilar artery occlusions: First-pass complete reperfusion improves clinical outcome in stroke thrombectomy patients

Abstract

BACKGROUND\nComplete reperfusion (mTICI 3) in anterior circulation ischemic stroke patients after a single mechanical thrombectomy (MT) pass has been identified as a predictor of favorable outcome (modified Rankin Score 0-2) and defined as true first-pass effect recently. This effect has not yet been demonstrated in posterior circulation ischemic stroke. We hypothesized a true first-pass effect for the subgroup of acute basilar artery occlusions (BAO).\n\n\nMETHODS\nConsecutive patients with acute thromboembolic occlusions in the posterior circulation, treated between 2010 and 2017, were screened and all BAO patients with complete angiographic reperfusion and known symptom onset included for unmatched and matched analysis after adjustment for multiple confounding factors (demographics, time intervals, stroke severity, posterior circulation Alberta Stroke Program early computed tomography Score and comorbidity. The primary objective was outcome at 90\xa0days between matched cohorts of single pass vs. multi pass complete reperfusion patients.\n\n\nRESULTS\n90 MTs in BAO were analyzed, yielding 56 patients with known symptom onset, in whom we achieved complete reperfusion (mTICI 3), depending on whether complete reperfusion was achieved after a single pass (n\xa0=\xa028) or multiple passes (n\xa0=\xa028). Multivariable analysis of 56 non-matched patients revealed a significant association between first-pass complete reperfusion and favorable outcome (p\xa0<\xa00.01). In matched cohorts (n\xa0=\xa07 vs. n\xa0=\xa07), favorable outcome was only seen if complete reperfusion was achieved after a single pass (86% vs. 0%).\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nSingle pass complete reperfusion in acute basilar artery occlusion is an independent predictor of favorable outcome. Achieving complete reperfusion after multiple passes might impair favorable patient recovery.