Diagnosis and surgical treatment of patients with femoral vein compression from hip joint synovial cyst.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE\nIn this study, the diagnosis and treatment of patients with femoral vein compression from a synovial cyst of the hip joint were investigated.\n\n\nMETHODS\nA retrospective study was conducted to review hospital records from March 2010 to July 2017 of patients with femoral vein compression from a synovial cyst of the hip joint. The diagnostic procedure, duplex ultrasound results, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were recorded. The method and treatment outcomes\xa0were also documented.\n\n\nRESULTS\nFifteen patients with femoral vein compression resulting from a synovial cyst of the hip joint were identified. The mean age was 47.5\xa0years, and nine of the patients (60%) were female. All patients had unilateral lower extremity edema. In 11 patients (73.3%), the mass in the groin area could not be palpated; 2 (13.3%) patients had venous insufficiency; and 2\xa0(13.3%) patients had venous thrombosis. All patients received a duplex ultrasound examination, 4 (26.7%) patients received CT, and 11 (73.3%) patients received MRI. One patient received a duplex ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle aspiration; however, the cyst recurred 1\xa0month later. The remaining 14 patients received surgical excision and had no cyst recurrence during the follow-up period (mean, 22.6\xa0months).\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nDuplex ultrasound should be selected as the first choice for screening of synovial cyst of the hip joint with femoral vein compression. Moreover, it can be used as the first choice for follow-up of these patients. MRI or CT can provide more anatomic information for surgical treatment. Surgical excision of the cyst is the preferred treatment method, with a lower rate of cyst recurrence compared with needle aspiration.