The influence of non-traditional sourdough made with quinoa, hemp and chia flour on the characteristics of gluten-free maize/rice bread

Abstract

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential use of Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis for fermentation of chia, quinoa, and hemp flour for the production of gluten-free bread. The application of non-traditional sourdough made using seed flour, such as hemp, chia, and quinoa for gluten-free bread preparation could improve organoleptic and structural characteristics of gluten-free maize/rice bread. Chia, hemp, and quinoa flour were fermented with L. sanfranciscensis W2, and the non-traditional sourdough obtained was used for gluten-free bread production. The results showed that L. sanfranciscensis W2 can adapt and act on non-traditional substrates such as chia, hemp, and quinoa flour (total count of lactic acid bacteria were 9.76, 10.05, and 8.56 log10 CFU/g, respectively). The results showed that fermentation time and flour type had a significant influence on non-traditional sourdough properties. Non-traditional sourdough had decreased pH, specific volume, and rate of bread staling and increased bread porosity compared with bread made only with chia, quinoa or hemp seed flour. Application of non-fermented chia and hemp flour increased the firmness and the rate of bread staling, whereas use of non-traditional hemp and quinoa sourdough reduced the rate of bread staling. In many cases, chia, hemp, and quinoa flour increased the acceptability of gluten-free maize/rice bread.