Complications related to dental extractions in patients with chronic kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis: a pilot study

Abstract

Abstract Objective To clinically assess the socket healing after tooth extraction and the occurrence of intra- and postoperative complications in chronic kidney failure (CKF) patients on hemodialysis (HD) by comparing them to a control group. Study desing This is a prospective study involving 48 patients with CKF on HD (study group – SG) and 29 participants without CKF (control group – CG) undergoing tooth extractions. No prophylactic antibiotic was given to the participants. One calibrated dentist evaluated all individuals at 3, 7, 21, and 60 days after the tooth extractions and assessed hemostasis time, occurrence of local or distant infection, epithelization, and deposition of alveolar bone. Results In the SG, 87 teeth were extracted through 65 interventions, and in the CG, 76 teeth were extracted through 36 interventions. Bleeding beyond 30 minutes was observed in 12 interventions (18.5%) on SG participants and was controlled with local hemostatic agents. None of the groups had individuals presenting postoperative infectious complications at the surgical site or a distance. After 21 days, we observed delayed epithelialization in 29.9% (26/87) of the individuals of SG compared to 3.9% (3/37) of those of CG (P\xa0 Conclusions Individuals with CKF on hemodialysis tend to heal up well following dental extractions. They did not have an increased risk of infectious complications after simple tooth extractions, but they showed prolonged bleeding events more often than controls. Additional research studies using larger sample sizes of patients with CKF on hemodialysis are needed to confirm our findings. Clinical relevance This pilot study contributes to dentists ability to provide better dental management for people with chronic kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis through understanding the course of healing following dental extractions.