Site-specific framework of sustainable practices for a Brazilian contaminated site case study.

Abstract

Management of contaminated sites requires application of remediation technologies to reduce environmental and human health risks, but these actions can also produce negative effects, such as energy and natural resources consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and impacts on local communities. The tenets of sustainability can be used to select sustainable alternatives in the environmental cleanup of these areas to reduce negative consequences and seek new solutions for site reuse. The present study evaluates seven case studies of contaminated sites to identify how sustainable practices were adopted at each site and how environmental, economic and social benefits were achieved. Based on this survey, an in-depth analysis of 48 sustainable management practices was conducted to assess interim actions and institutional controls at a contaminated site located on the campus of University of Sao Paulo (USP) in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The analysis involved a discussion about how future potential improvements to sustainable practices at the site could generate benefits and sustainable gains, such as improvement of quality of life of university students and surrounding communities; reduction of natural resource use, reduction of costs represented by the consumption of water and reduction of demand of potable water for society. The result of this analysis is a site-specific framework of 36 sustainable practices represented by a graphical approach with several examples that can be adopted during assessment and remediation on a case study basis, taking into account the needs and guidelines of the administration of the contaminated site. This approach can easily be adopted by the public and stakeholders who want to apply sustainable practices in other sites. The site-specific framework demonstrates how sustainable principles can be included in the process of contaminated sites management in an integrated process, meeting the needs and expectations of all affected stakeholders.