European Journal of Clinical Nutrition | 2019
Sesame oil and vitamin E co-administration may improve cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome: a randomized clinical trial
Abstract
ObjectivesMetabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a clustering of metabolic abnormalities that are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. We aimed to evaluate the effects of sesame oil enriched with vitamin E (vit E), sesame oil alone and sunflower oil on lipid profile, fasting blood glucose (FBG), malondialdehyde (MDA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP), homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR), and blood pressure (BP) in patients with MetS.SubjectsOverall, 75 individuals with MetS (aged 30–70 years) participated in this randomized, single-blind controlled trial. Patients were randomly allocated to: (1) Group A (n\u2009=\u200925): sesame oil (30\u2009ml/day) enriched with vit E (400\u2009mg/day), (2) Group B (n\u2009=\u200925): sesame oil (30\u2009ml/day), (3) Group C (n\u2009=\u200925): sunflower oil (30\u2009ml/day). Anthropometric data, dietary intake, blood pressure, and biochemical markers, including fasting serum lipids, FBG, serum insulin, MDA, and hs-CRP were measured at baseline and at week 8.ResultsIn individuals in the sesame oil enriched with vit E group (Group A), there were significant reductions in serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), FBG, HOMA-IR, MDA, hs-CRP, high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) systolic and diastolic BP (for all the comparison p\u2009<\u20090.02). Similarly, in Group B (taking sesame oil alone), TC, TG, FBG, HOMA-IR, MDA, systolic and diastolic BP were significantly improved (for all the comparison p\u2009<\u20090.025), while there were no significant changes in serum HDL (baseline\u2009=\u200935.9\u2009±\u20097.2\u2009mg/dL vs. 36.4\u2009±\u20096.2\u2009mg/dL, p\u2009=\u20090.432) and hs-CRP (baseline\u2009=\u20094.38\u2009±\u20091.34\u2009mg/dL vs. week 8\u2009=\u20093.96\u2009±\u20091.7\u2009mg/dL, p\u2009=\u20090.057) in second group. No significant changes in any of the studied clinical and anthropometric data were found in Group C (on sunflower oil).ConclusionSesame oil (±vit E) was shown to beneficially affect several cardiometabolic indices (including lipids, FBG, BP, HOMA-IR, and MDA) in patients with MetS.