Three-dimensional culture method enhances the therapeutic efficacies of tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells in murine chronic colitis model

Abstract

Tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs) showed therapeutic effects on acute and chronic murine colitis models, owing to their immunomodulatory properties; therefore, we evaluated enhanced therapeutic effects of TMSCs on a murine colitis model using three-dimensional (3D) culture method. The expression of angiogenic factors, VEGF, and anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-10, TSG-6, TGF-β, and IDO-1, was significantly higher in the 3D-TMSC-treated group than in the 2D-TMSC-treated group (P\u2009<\u20090.05). At days 18 and 30 after inducing chronic colitis, disease activity index scores were estimated to be significantly lower in the 3D-TMSC-treated group than in the colitis control (P\u2009<\u20090.001 and P\u2009<\u20090.001, respectively) and 2D-TMSC-treated groups (P\u2009=\u20090.022 and P\u2009=\u20090.004, respectively). Body weight loss was significantly lower in the 3D-TMSC-treated group than in the colitis control (P\u2009<\u20090.001) and 2D-TMSC-treated groups (P\u2009=\u20090.005). Colon length shortening was significantly recovered in the 3D-TMSC-treated group compared to that in the 2D-TMSC-treated group (P\u2009=\u20090.001). Histological scoring index was significantly lower in the 3D-TMSC-treated group than in the 2D-TMSC-treated group (P\u2009=\u20090.002). These results indicate that 3D-cultured TMSCs showed considerably higher therapeutic effects in a chronic murine colitis model than those of 2D-cultured TMSCs via increased anti-inflammatory cytokine expression.