[Assessment of different pain management methods for the treatment of claw lesions in Meat Merino ewes].

Abstract

OBJECTIVE\nPain management during veterinary procedures is a significant component of animal welfare and has legal as well as ethical implications. Even though regional intravenous anaesthesia (RIVA) is an accepted method for painful procedures involving the distal digits of sheep, this anaesthetic technique is rarely applied in the field. The primary goal was to investigate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of RIVA in sheep. A secondary goal was to examine whether the anaesthetic procedure can be improved by combining RIVA with sedation and whether these methods have a positive effect on the postoperative wellbeing of the animals.\n\n\nMETHODS\nA total of 36 Meat Merino sheep with contagious interdigital dermatitis and 12 healthy control sheep were used. Behaviour was observed during treatment of the lame sheep using various pain management protocols and during routine claw trimming of the healthy sheep, and all the sheep were observed after the procedures. The observed behaviours were assessed using scores and the scores compared among the animals of the 4 study groups (RIVA, sedation with xylazine hydrochloride + RIVA, placebo, control).\n\n\nRESULTS\nRIVA was successfully conducted in sheep. Local reactions at the application sight and in the tourniquet area in 2 animals resolved completely. A significant reduction in defensive movements during the painful procedure confirmed the efficacy of RIVA. Stress-associated behaviours, including head shaking and idle chewing, occurred with a similar frequency in RIVA and placebo animals, leading to the conclusion that stress levels due to the handling in dorsal recumbency were comparable between these 2 groups. Sedation reduced the frequency of pain- and stress-associated behaviours, including guarding, favouring limbs, vocalisation, idle chewing and bruxism. Xylazine hydrochloride-RIVA animals displayed better weight-bearing in the affected limb, better food uptake and ruminated more postoperatively than sheep from the other study groups.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nRIVA in sheep is straightforward, safe and effective. Additional sedation reduces the stress and pain response. This pain and stress management has a positive effect on the postoperative wellbeing of sheep.