The Association of Dietary Habits and Lifestyle Characteristics with Successful Aging among Older Greek Origin Individuals Living in France, Canada, and Greece: The Epidemiological Mediterranean Islands Study (MEDIS).

Abstract

The aim of the present work was to investigate the association of dietary habits and lifestyle characteristics with successful aging among native Greeks and Greeks of Diaspora (Canada and France). During 2005-2019, 2,434 Greek men and women, living in Greece, in France, and in Canada, over 65\xa0years of age were enrolled voluntarily in the study. Anthropometric, clinical and socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits, and lifestyle parameters were derived through standard procedures, while successful aging was evaluated using the validated Successful Aging Index (SAI, range 0-10). The SAI of the overall sample was 2.8\xa0±\xa01.4. Greeks of Diaspora had higher SAI levels compared to their counterparts in Greece (p s\xa0<\xa0.001). However, there was no difference between Greeks of Canada and these of France (p >\xa0.05). Actually, Greeks of Diaspora had almost 1.9 units higher SAI compared to native Greeks (p <\xa0.001). Work and financial status, dietary and lifestyle behaviors (i.e., physical activity, smoking habits), and several clinical characteristics (i.e., history of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia) were statistically different between the three groups (all p s\xa0<\xa0.05). Greeks of Diaspora had higher SAI levels, probably because of their healthier lifestyle practices, which mainly depend on their traditions and cultural background of their homelands and living conditions in the host countries.