Understanding the predictors of hand hygiene using aspects of the theory of planned behaviour and temporal self-regulation theory.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE\nAdherence to proper hand hygiene practice is relatively low and is particularly salient in light of the current COVID-19 pandemic. Having a greater understanding of the psychosocial predictors of engaging in proper hand hygiene is warranted. One way to do this is through the application of a combined theory of planned behaviour and temporal self-regulation theory model.\n\n\nDESIGN\nA prospective two-part study was conducted between May - November 2020, with N\u2009=\u2009232 Australians. At time one, variables from both the theory of planned behaviour (attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, and intention) and temporal self-regulation theory (habit, environmental cues, and planning) were completed.\n\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES\nOne week later, engagement in proper hand hygiene behaviour over the previous week was assessed.\n\n\nRESULTS\nTwo hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted, with 47% of variance accounted for in intention, with subjective norm being the strongest predictor, and 38% of variance accounted for in hand hygiene behaviour, with intention being the strongest predictor. Environmental cues also moderated the relationship between intention and behaviour.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nTo increase intention, incorporating subjective norm messages in advertisements may be helpful. Incorporating environmental cues in places where hand washing is recommended may assist in increasing hand hygiene.