Single phase based study of Ag-Cu/EO Williamson hybrid nanofluid flow over a stretching surface with shape factor

Abstract

Hybrid nanofluids is the suspension of two different types of nanoparticles in the base fluid. This enhances the heat transfer capabilities of the ordinary fluids and prove to better heat exponent as compare to the nanofluids. In this research, we investigate the nanofluid for its flow and heat transport features by subjecting it to a slippery surface. The fluid motion disturbance is achieved by with the utilization of non-linear, uniform horizontal porous stretching of the surface with in a Darcy type porous media. The effect of nanoparticle shapes, porous medium, variable thermal conductivity and thermal radiation are also included in this analysis. A numerical method, Keller box is used to find the self-similar solution of equations. Two different types of nanoparticles, Copper(Cu) and Silver(Ag) with non-Newtonian Engine Oil (EO) based fluid have been taken into consideration for our analysis. The valuable finding of this study is that the comparative heat transfer rate of Williamson hybrid nanofluids (Ag − Cu/EO) gradually more increases as compared to conventional nanofluids (Cu − EO). Moreover, Lamina-shaped particles result in the most significant temperature in the boundary layer, while the lowest temperature is observed in spherical-shaped nanoparticles. Finally entropy of the system exaggerates with the incorporation of nanoparticle percentage by volume, thermal radiation, variable thermal conductivity and Williamson variable.