Identification of Endophytic and Rhizosphere Bacteria in Maize (Zea mays L.) in Limapuluh Kota Region, West Sumatra, Indonesia

Abstract

The variety of microorganisms that are very abundant began to be used for the benefit of sustainable agriculture. A group of non-pathogenic bacteria has been reported to control disease-causing pathogens and improve plant growth. The purpose of this study is (a) to identify and characterize endophytic bacteria and corn rhizosphere (b) to study endophytic bacteria and rhizosphere which have the potential to spur plant growth. The experiment was carried out at the Payakumbuh State of Agricultural Polytechnic Laboratory, Limapuluh Kota Region, West Sumatra, and LIPI Bogor. The sampling method was carried out by random sampling at four locations. Endophytic bacteria taken from the roots of maize and rhizosphere bacteria originated from the soil around the roots. Bacterial isolation was carried out by the pour and the streak plate method. Identification of bacterial characteristics based on the form of colonies, edges, surfaces, rough surface roughness, surface color, pigment color, bacterial body density, and halo zone colonies. Six species of bacteria have been identified using molecular analysis based on 16S rRNA gene fragments. Bacteria are dominated by the Bacillus genera compared to the Pseudomonas genera. The ability of phosphate dissolving bacteria indicates that endophytic bacteria and the rhizosphere act as growth stimulants.