Identification of non-volcanic geothermal manifestation in North Konawe Regency Indonesia using land surface temperature of Landsat satellite image

Abstract

Energy needs are increasing from year to year. However, in many countries, fossil energy is utilized in a large portion even though the country has a lot of potential for new and renewable energy. Geothermal is renewable energy has an important role in Indonesia besides other potential renewable energy such as water, wind, solar, and ocean tidal. This study aimed to identify non-volcanic geothermal manifestation in North Konawe Regency, South East Sulawesi Province, based on Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM) remote sensing satellite image. Land Surface Temperature (LST) method was conducted using thermal band processing of Landsat ETM. For this purpose, the single-window algorithm was applied. Validation was also conducted through a ground survey. The result of this study showed that at least two geothermal manifestations were founded in two separate locations in Wawolesea village and Toreo respectively. From the LST analysis, we found that the temperature reached 26.35 to 37.42 Celsius Degree in both locations, where hot water spring as geothermal manifestation exist. According to the ground check, the temperature correlation between in situ and LST is enough which R2=0.5155.