Intensification of extraction of phytocomponents from berry raw materials

Abstract

The paper describes the methods of extraction of biologically active agents of berry raw materials. The purpose of the study was to select the parameters of phytocomponents extraction during ultrasonic treatment of berry raw materials. The batch method of maceration using water-ethanol extractants was studied. The raw material was irradiated with Volna-M ultrasonic device. The kinetics of extracting phenolic compounds from fresh black currant berries (Ribes nigrum L.) was studied. Physical-chemical and microbiological indicators were determined using standard methods. Composition and quantitative content of flavonoids and tanning agents in extracts were determined by colorimetric and high performance liquid chromatography techniques. Mathematical statistics and analysis were used in data processing. The diffusion properties of extracts were calculated in a computer program. The experiments were performed in five-fold repetition, and the data were analyzed to determine their validity in application packages. It was found that the duration of extraction during ultrasonic treatment is reduced by an average of 60 times, while increasing the yield of extractive substances. The obtained kinetic dependencies of diffusion characteristics of the raw material reveal that more complete extraction of flavonoid compounds takes place with water-ethanol extractants (40% wt.) at irrigation module 1 to 15 and 1 to 20. The analysis of physical and chemical composition of solutions showed high content of biologically active substances. The extract is recommended as components of functional products.