Potential of ciplukan extract (Physalis angulata L.) and patchouli waste (pogostemon patchouli pellet) as alternative sources of phytogenic feed additive

Abstract

This study aims to examine the potential of ciplukan and patchouli oil refining waste as alternative sources of phytogenic feed additive to replace the Antibiotic Growth Promotor (AGP) in livestock. The research was carried out by using the method of extraction and identification of phytogenic components of ciplukan and patchouli waste as well as in vitro for antibacterial and antioxidant tests of ciplukan leaf extract and patchouli waste. The variables observed were percentage yield, nutritional content, phytochemicals, phytogenic compounds, antibacterial inhibition and antioxidant content of ciplukan leaf extract and patchouli waste. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and tabulated according to the research variables. The results showed that the extraction using 96% ethanol solvent produced different yields, the highest yield was found in ciplukan, namely 9.75% and patchouli waste of 1.02% by weight of fresh ingredients. The nutritional content of ciplukan and patchouli waste respectively contains crude protein 27.79 and 14.19%, crude fiber 7.08 and 17.09%, fat 3.43 and 3.85%, BETN 27.46 and 40.87%, and the antioxidant content tends to be higher in ciplukan, namely 75.70% and 73.53% patchouli waste. Based on the results of the phytochemical test, patchouli waste extract contains bioactive substances in the form of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, steroids and terpenoids as well as essential oils, while the ciplukan extract does not contain terpenoids and essential oils. The results of the antibacterial test showed that patchouli waste extract had the largest inhibition zone against Escherichia coli and Salmonella bacteria compared to the ciplukan extract with an average diameter of 12.50 and 8.50 mm. Conclusion patchouli waste extract has the potential to be used as an alternative source of phytogenic feed additive because it contains phytogenic bioactive substances and can act as antibacterial.