Geographic information system application in small islands management (case study: assessment of jetty suitability distribution in Derawan Island)

Abstract

Derawan Island, with an area of 35.99 hectares, is a small island in Derawan Archipelago, located in Berau Regency, East Kalimantan Province. The waters in the Derawan archipelago rich in biodiversities such as coral reefs, mangroves, and seagrasses, so designated as a conservation area in 2016 and currently known as marine tourism destinations in Kalimantan, which contribute to the economy. Tourism in the Derawan islands increased significantly along with supporting infrastructures such as hotels, restaurants, and jetties. A study on jetty facilities conducted by comparing the changes of jetties infrastructure in Derawan island, wherein 2003, the jetties area was 6,977 m2, while in 2018, about 66,011 m2. Changes of jetties area mostly occurred in the western and southern parts of the island due to safety reasons, bathymetry, and hydrodynamic conditions. This condition raised an issue concerning water quality, aesthetics, and natural condition, decreasing its beauty and impact on the tourism sector. Spatial analysis for jetty distribution using GIS carried out and resulted in recommendations where the maximum number of jetties needed was five units with a length of about 70 m towards the sea. This recommendation may also be used to provide an alternative location for a jetty in Derawan Island in the future.