Groundwater Quality Study Based on the Existence of Escherichia coli as Bioindicator

Abstract

The research aim was to observe the distribution pattern of Escherichia coli as groundwater pollution indicator in the most populous area, Matraman Sub-District Area in Jakarta, Indonesia (106°49’35” EL and 06°10’37” SL) consists of six (6) Urban Villages. The existence of Escherichia coli was measured with Most Probable Number (MPN) method as mentioned in Indonesian Standard Number 01-2332.1-2006. This research was also measure pollution parameter of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and pH, and topography analyses used as well to determine groundwater flow direction. Groundwater sampling was conducted in several housings that have low, middle, and high income as indicator of sanitation quality which causes groundwater pollution by Escherichia coli bacteria. The research result showed that the level of average Escherichia coli was 345,9778, 310,0556, and 727,1389 MPN/100 mL. Escherichia coli distribution pattern was headed from southeastern to northwestern area, in correspondence with Matraman Sub-District topography. The average pH level, temperature and DO0 in whole area respectively were 6.3, 24.7°C and 2.238 mg/L, that exceeded minimum water quality standards in Indonesian Minister of Health Regulation Number 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010 regarding drinking water quality requirements. This study could be a reference for daily groundwater utilization in Matraman Sub-District and to provide information for further research.