Architectural and City-Planning Appearance of Multifunctional Transport and Transfer Units as Exemplified by Moscow

Abstract

When developing multifunctional passenger traffic systems, two functions must be considered: that of a transfer hub and a commercial facility. Multifunctional transfer systems (90% of the facilities examined) are constructed in two stages. Firstly, the transfer hub gets built and commissioned. It facilitates comfortable passenger transfer and service between different means of transport. The average land area proportion of a transfer hub (TH) in a land-use project (LUP) amounts to 35-55%. The commercial space takes up about 45-65% of the entire LUP area. Transfer hubs (100%) comprise buildings and other constructions that serve various purposes, which manifests their multifunctional system properties. Parking lot design should become an integral part of developing TH units not included in the commercial part of the facility. Developing such facilities is a multi-stage process engaging specialists from various and vast areas. This type of dominant facilities are important to cities in terms of both transportation and architecture or city-building, and thus they require an individual approach to their development and construction.