Filtration Regimes Calculation of Hydraulic Structures of Alma Reservoir

Abstract

In the article the Crimean Peninsula is exposed as one of the most problematic areas for providing water resources in the Russian Federation. By 2013, the filling of drinking-water reservoirs due to river runoff and precipitation was at the level of 20-25% of the total design volume and it was the lowest indicator for the last 25 years. In 2014, after the reunification of Crimea with Russia, new hydraulic structures began functioning to supply water to Crimean residents, which allowed filling the North Crimean Canal with water from the Belogorsky and Taigan reservoirs along the Biyuk-Karasu riverbed and eastern Crimea residents began to receive water. The average population density of Crimea is 85 people / km2. The average long-term value of water resources for this territory is 1.0 km3 / year, and one resident - 432 m3 / year, which is the lowest of all the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Much attention is paid to the safety of operating reservoirs, including the oldest one in Crimea - Alminsky reservoir. The calculations are given and filtration strength of the dam body soils of reservoir is estimated: specific filtration flow rates, filtration flow outlet velocity and effective pressure gradients. Calculation of the filtration regimes of the dam construction was carried out for two loading cases: main and special load combination. The obtained data indicates that actual parameters of the dam construction provide filtration strength and structure reliability under the accepted loading cases.