Optimal ways to develop ecological and energy-efficient construction

Abstract

The construction industry has a significant impact on our environment. When erecting buildings and structures, building materials, energy, water and other resources, the production of which violates the ecological balance, are used. The construction process itself has also negative effect on environment and the nearby objects with noise, vibration exposure, waste incineration, groundwater and soil pollution in general. However, the time period required for the construction of the building is insignificant compared to the period of operation. Experts estimate the service life of modern monolithic buildings at 125 - 150 years, and in some cases this index reaches 300 years. During this time, a new problem arises - the ecological balance violation: insufficient insolation, changes in natural wind flows, hydrogeology, vegetation reduction, soil and vegetation layer pollution, air masses stagnation, etc. All this creates the prerequisites for the creation of special environmental protection measures aimed at maintaining ecological balance. Thus, at each stage of the life cycle of a building, it is necessary to carry out the measures to protect the environment and minimize harmful effects on the environment. Today the prerequisites for the green building development are being laid in Russia. The main idea is to reduce energy intensity and increase energy efficiency in construction.