Stem cells and development | 2019
Regeneration Related Functional Cargoes in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles.
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEV) are the primary effective source in stem-cell-dependent regenerative medicine due to their preponderances over direct MSC implantation. An increasing number of studies have been carried out on MSC-sEV derived from different types of cells and their function of accelerating tissue repair was proved. However, only a few researches were able to demonstrate the functional cargoes in MSC-sEV or their mechanisms in promoting tissue recovery. In this review, we present current achievements in discovering MSC-sEV carried RNAs and proteins as promoters in tissues regeneration. Their therapeutic function includes modulating immune reactivity, promoting angiogenesis and accelerating cell proliferation and migration through orchestrates of cell signaling pathways.