517 Factorial Structure of Hypersomnolence as Measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale

Abstract

\n \n \n Hypersomnolence, or excessive sleepiness, is highly prevalent in the general population. It can be a cause or a consequence of several sleep, psychiatric disorders or physical diseases. However, self-report tools to assess hypersomnolence are relatively limited; apart the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), there is little choice to measure hypersomnolence. Our aim is to examine the association between hypersomnolence with health, psychiatric disorders and sleep in the general population\n \n \n \n The initial study was carried with 15,929 individuals from 15 US States. The longitudinal study was carried on in eight of these states. A total of 12,218 subjects were interviewed by phone during the first wave (W1) and 10,930 at the second wave (W2) three years apart. The analyses were carried on the subjects who participated in both interviews (N=10,930). A univariate linear regression analysis including the whole sample (baseline and follow-up) was performed to analyze predictors of hypersomnolence and ESS score in the follow-up was the dependent variable. All variables with a p-value <0.15 were included in an exploratory factor analysis (principal component analysis with Varimax rotation) to assess the factorial structure of hypersomnolence.\n \n \n \n Our results support a three-factor structure associated with hypersomnolence. The first factor explained 24.9% of the variance and grouped together presence of medical conditions, psychiatric disorders, body mass index and sleep-disordered breathing. The second factor explained 12.9% of the variance and grouped together napping, fatigue (as measured the Fatigue Severity Scale) and poor quality of life. Finally, the third factor grouped together disrupted sleep and sleep duration and explained 11.7% of the variance.\n \n \n \n Hypersomnolence as measured by the ESS is associated with pathologies unrelated to sleep disorders in the general population. The first factor is mostly related to health factors while the second factor might be related to hypersomnia and the third factor to insomnia.\n Support (if any):\n