The Relationship Between Beverage Consumption and Prediabetes in Predominantly Low-Income Hispanic Children (P11-110-19).

Abstract

Objectives\nPrevious studies have established a strong positive relationship between soda consumption and prediabetes in adolescents and adults; however, the same relationship in children younger than 10 years has not yet been examined. Furthermore, the associations of 100% fruit juice and artificially sweetened beverage (ASB) consumption with prediabetes remain elusive. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between prediabetes and beverage consumption (sodas, ASBs, and 100% fruit juice) in predominantly low-income Hispanic 3rd-5th graders.\n\n\nMethods\nThis study used baseline data from 793 3rd-5th grade students who participated in TX Sprouts, a cluster randomized nutrition, gardening, and cooking intervention at 16 elementary schools in and around Austin, TX. The following measures were collected at baseline: frequency of soda, ASB, and 100% fruit juice consumption via validated dietary screener, fasting plasma glucose via fasting blood draw, age and sex via questionnaire, height via stadiometer, and weight via TANITA scale. Glucose values of 100-125 mg/dL were categorized as prediabetic based on American Diabetes Association 2018 guidelines. Logistic regression models were run to assess the relationship between beverage consumption and prediabetes, controlling for age, sex, and BMI.\n\n\nResults\nParticipants were 52.4% female and 66.4% Hispanic, with an average age of 9.2 years. The average fasting plasma glucose was 93.3 mg/dL, with 28.5% of students classified as prediabetic. Participants reporting consumption of two or more sodas per day (n\xa0=\xa098) had a 65% higher odds of having prediabetes compared to those reporting no soda consumption on any given day (n\xa0=\xa0431) (OR\xa0=\xa01.65; 95% CI 1.04-2.61; P\xa0=\xa00.035). No significant differences were found in consumption of 100% fruit juice or ASBs with prediabetes status.\n\n\nConclusions\nThis is the first study to show a positive relationship between soda consumption and prediabetes in children younger than 10 years, replicating findings in adolescent and adult populations. This study did not find a relationship between ASB and 100% fruit juice consumption and prediabetes. These results suggest that interventions should focus on reducing primarily soda consumption to potentially reduce prediabetes in pediatric populations.\n\n\nFunding Sources\nThis study was supported by funding from the National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI).