LGG-10. AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION OF BILATERAL OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA IN CROUZON SYNDROME

Abstract

Abstract Optic pathway gliomas (OPGs) are low grade gliomas intrinsic to the visual pathway, frequently associated with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF-1). Bilateral OPGs without chiasmatic involvement are almost pathognomonic for NF-1. We report an unusual case of bilateral optic nerve glioma without chiasmatic involvement in a 17-month old male patient with craniosynostosis and Crouzon Syndrome, an autosomal dominant disorder caused by activating FGFR2 mutations associated with craniosynostosis and optic atrophy. The patient’s c.1032 G>A pathogenic variant in FGFR2 is a variant known to affect splicing and results in a protein that lacks part of an important domain involved in ligand binding. Although FGFR1 mutations have been implicated in low-grade glioma through MAPK activation, FGFR2 mutations have not yet been described in OPGs, although they have been described in epileptogenic low-grade gliomas and mixed neuronal-glial tumors. Our patient presented with worsening vision in the setting of known Crouzon Syndrome. An eye examination revealed bilateral primary optic atrophy. Brain and orbital MRIs demonstrated fusiform dilation and STIR hyperintensity of the intraorbital segments of the optic nerves bilaterally with normal pre-chiasmatic optic segments. There were no other radiographic or physical stigmata suggestive of NF-1. Next generation sequencing and copy number analysis from peripheral blood were negative for variants in NF1. RNA based studies for NF1 aberrations are pending. Although follow up MRI scans demonstrated stable size of his OPGs, the risk of further visual deficit was considered significant due to his pre-existing optic atrophy and poor baseline visual acuity. Therefore, he was started on vincristine and carboplatin chemotherapy according to A9952, and induction therapy has been well tolerated. To our knowledge, this is the first patient with Crouzon Syndrome who has developed bilateral optic pathway gliomas. Orbital MRIs should be considered for these patients with worsening visual acuity not explained by other causes.