The volatile anesthetic sevoflurane reduces neutrophil apoptosis via Fas death domain–Fas‐associated death domain interaction

Abstract

Sepsis remains a significant health care burden, with high morbidities and mortalities. Patients with sepsis often require general anesthesia for procedures and imaging studies. Knowing that anesthetic drugs can pose immunomodulatory effects, it would be critical to understand the impact of anesthetics on sepsis pathophysiology. The volatile anesthetic sevoflurane is a common general anesthetic derived from ether as a prototype. Using a murine sepsis model induced by cecal ligation and puncture surgery, we examined the impact of sevoflurane on sepsis outcome. Different from volatile anesthetic isoflurane, sevoflurane exposure significantly improved the outcome of septic mice. This was associated with less apoptosis in the spleen. Because splenic apoptosis was largely attributed to the apoptosis of neutrophils, we examined the effect of sevoflurane on FasL‐induced neutrophil apoptosis. Sevoflurane exposure significantly attenuated apoptosis. Sevoflurane did not affect the binding of FasL to the extracellular domain of Fas receptor. Instead, in silico analysis suggested that sevoflurane would bind to the interphase between Fas death domain (DD) and Fas‐associated DD (FADD). The effect of sevoflurane on Fas DD‐FADD interaction was examined using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Sevoflurane attenuated FRET efficiency, indicating that sevoflurane hindered the interaction between Fas DD and FADD. The predicted sevoflurane binding site is known to play a significant role in Fas DD‐FADD interaction, supporting our in vitro and in vivo apoptosis results.—Koutsogiannaki, S., Hou, L., Babazada, H., Okuno, T., Blazon‐Brown, N., Soriano, S. G., Yokomizo, T., Yuki, K. The volatile anesthetic sevoflurane reduces neutrophil apoptosis via Fas death domain‐Fas‐associated death domain interaction. FASEB J. 33, 12668–12679 (2019). www.fasebj.org